PC and Laptop Upgrade Guides
How to plan and install RAM and SSD upgrades in desktops and laptops, starting with compatibility checks and safe prep.
Start here
Every upgrade follows the same pattern: identify, check, prepare, install, verify. Here is the route for the two most useful upgrades.
Step 0: Identify your machine
Find the exact model number on a sticker, in the system information tool or in the BIOS. For desktops, you need the motherboard model. Download the manual.
Memory upgrades
Check
Confirm generation, form factor, slot count and maximum capacity. See checking RAM compatibility.
Install
Power down, unplug and ground yourself. Open the release clips, line up the notch and press the module in firmly until the clips click. Laptop modules go in at an angle, then press down.
Verify
Boot up and confirm the new total in system information. If the machine does not start, reseat the modules.
Storage upgrades
Check
Find out whether you have a 2.5-inch bay, an M.2 slot, or both, and which interfaces are supported. See NVMe versus SATA.
Prepare
Back up everything. Decide whether to clone your current drive or do a fresh install.
Install and verify
Fit the drive, secure it, and confirm the system sees it before cloning or installing. Full walkthrough: installing an SSD.
Tools you need
- A small Phillips screwdriver, plus Torx bits for some laptops
- A plastic pry tool for laptop cases
- An anti-static strap, or regular touches on bare metal
- A USB enclosure or adapter if you plan to clone